Health promotion is mostly framed as a discourse and practices based on a set of values and principles that promote changes at various levels (individual, community and global). There is no well-defined knowledge base and no widely agreed knowledge development methods. During the past decades, health promotion knowledge has developed following a potluck model. Researchers from various disciplinary backgrounds attracted to the values and transformative vision of health promotion have used their disciplinary-based research methods and theories to conduct studies about the various practices that are associated with health promotion. Although health promotion research has acquired many attributes of a distinct field, researching practices from various disciplinary perspectives is not sufficient to create a coherent knowledge base for health promotion. We propose three dimensions to further structure health promotion research. The first relates to the object for which knowledge is produced. For health promotion research this relates to health social practices. The second dimension relates to the purpose and ethics of research. In the case of health promotion research it pursues the dual purpose of producing knowledge (epistemic aim) and contributing to social changes (transformative aim). The third dimension concerns the knowledge produced and the conditions for valid knowledge. In the case of health promotion research, the condition of knowledge production should include a recognition of the complexity of social practice and the necessary dialogue between scientific. True to health promotion principles, we propose a bottom-up process for structuring the field through the creation of a ‘Global Handbook of Health Promotion Research’ that would draw on the research practices of those involved in health promotion research.