Once and for all, LXRalpha and LXRbeta are gatekeepers of the endocrine system. - Université Clermont Auvergne Accéder directement au contenu
Article Dans Une Revue Molecular Aspects of Medicine Année : 2016

Once and for all, LXRalpha and LXRbeta are gatekeepers of the endocrine system.

Résumé

Liver X receptors (LXRs) alpha and beta are nuclear receptors whose transcriptional activity is regulated by oxysterols, the oxidized forms of cholesterol. Described in the late 1990s as lipid sensors, both LXRs regulate cholesterol and fatty acid homeostasis. Over the years, deep phenotypic analyses of mouse models deficient for LXRalpha and/or LXRbeta have pointed out various other physiological functions including glucose homeostasis, immunology, and neuroprotection. This review enlightens the "endocrine" functions of LXRs; they deeply impact plasma glucose directly and by modulating insulin signaling, renin-angiotensin-aldosterone axis, thyroid and pituitary hormone levels, and bone homeostasis. Besides, LXR signaling is also involved in adrenal physiology, steroid synthesis, and male and female reproduction. Hence, LXRs are definitely involved in the endocrine system and could thus be considered as endocrine receptors, even though oxysterols do not fully correspond to the definition of hormones. Finally, because they are ligand-regulated transcription factors, LXRs are potential pharmacological targets with promising beneficial metabolic effects.
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Dates et versions

hal-01925167 , version 1 (16-11-2018)

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Salwan Maqdasy, Amalia Trousson, Igor Tauveron, David H. Volle, Silvere Baron, et al.. Once and for all, LXRalpha and LXRbeta are gatekeepers of the endocrine system.. Molecular Aspects of Medicine, 2016, 49, pp.31--46. ⟨10.1016/j.mam.2016.04.001⟩. ⟨hal-01925167⟩
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