Functional brain and trigeminovascular changes in migraine using a new approach of neuroimaging: the functional ultrasound imaging (fUSi)
Résumé
As a leading cause of disability worldwide, migraine is a neurovascular disorder characterized by headaches crisis and sensory hypersensitivities such as photophobia and/or allodynia. Migraine pathophysiology is complex and still partially understood. As a source of new findings, we used a novel brain neuroimaging modality that is particularly interesting for vascular diseases: the functional ultrasound imaging (fUSi). As an alternative to functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), this modality of neuroimaging enables the measurement of cerebral blood volume with a high sensitivity and spatio-temporal resolution (100 µm and 1 ms, respectively). Due to the vascular aspect of the pathophysiological alterations previously observed in migraine patients, this study aimed at deciphering i) the sequence of vascular dynamic changes on a whole brain and ii) study changes of functional connectivity in different parts of the trigeminovascular system in a relevant animal model of migraine induced by systemic administrations of isosorbide dinitrate (ISDN), a nitric oxide donor. These results are crucial to understand the involvement of these modifications in migraine pain.
Our results show that repetitive administrations of ISDN induce important alterations of the intrinsic connectivity within the pain matrix five days after the first injection associated with orofacial mechanical allodynia and a specific cerebral blood flow dynamic pattern during migraine crisis.
This study adds new insights in migraine pathophysiology and proved the potential of fUS imaging as an important new technology to decipher nociceptive components of neurovascular diseases such as migraine.
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