Atmospheric and Surface Processes, and Feedback Mechanisms Determining Arctic Amplification
M. Wendisch
(1)
,
M. Brückner
(1)
,
S. Crewell
(2)
,
A. Ehrlich
(1)
,
J. Notholt
(3)
,
C. Lüpkes
(4)
,
A. Macke
(5)
,
J. P. Burrows
(3)
,
A. Rinke
(6, 4)
,
J. Quaas
(1)
,
M. Maturilli
(4)
,
V. Schemann
(2)
,
M. D. Shupe
(7)
,
E. F. Akansu
(5)
,
C. Barrientos-Velasco
(5)
,
K. Bärfuss
(8)
,
A.-M. Blechschmidt
(3)
,
K. Block
(1)
,
I. Bougoudis
(3)
,
H. Bozem
(9)
,
C. Böckmann
(10)
,
A. Bracher
(10, 11)
,
H. Bresson
(4)
,
L. Bretschneider
(8)
,
M. Buschmann
(3)
,
D. G. Chechin
(10, 12)
,
J. Chylik
(2)
,
S. Dahlke
(4)
,
H. Deneke
(5)
,
K. Dethloff
(4)
,
T. Donth
(1)
,
W. Dorn
(4)
,
Régis Dupuy
(13)
,
K. Ebell
(2)
,
U. Egerer
(5)
,
R. Engelmann
(5)
,
O. Eppers
(9)
,
R. Gerdes
(4)
,
R. Gierens
(2)
,
I. V. Gorodetskaya
(14)
,
M. Gottschalk
(1)
,
H. Griesche
(5)
,
V. M. Gryanik
(12, 10)
,
D. Handorf
(4)
,
B. Harm-Altstädter
(8)
,
J. Hartmann
(4)
,
M. Hartmann
(5)
,
B. Heinold
(5)
,
A. Herber
(4)
,
H. Herrmann
(5)
,
G. Heygster
(3)
,
I. Höschel
(4)
,
Z. Hofmann
(4)
,
J. Hölemann
,
A. Hünerbein
(5)
,
S. Jafariserajehlou
(3)
,
E. Jäkel
(1)
,
C. Jacobi
(1)
,
M. Janout
(4)
,
F. Jansen
(15)
,
Olivier Jourdan
(13)
,
Z. Jurányi
(4)
,
H. Kalesse-Los
(1)
,
T. Kanzow
(4)
,
R. Käthner
(5)
,
L. L. Kliesch
(2)
,
M. Klingebiel
(1)
,
E. M. Knudsen
(2)
,
T. Kovács
(16)
,
W. Körtke
(3)
,
D. Krampe
(4)
,
J. Kretzschmar
(1)
,
D. Kreyling
(4)
,
B. Kulla
(2)
,
D. Kunkel
(9)
,
A. Lampert
(8)
,
M. Lauer
(2)
,
L. Lelli
(11, 17)
,
A. Von Lerber
(18)
,
O. Linke
(1)
,
U. Löhnert
(2)
,
M. Lonardi
(1)
,
S. N. Losa
(10, 19)
,
M. Losch
(4)
,
M. Maahn
(1)
,
M. Mech
(2)
,
L. Mei
(3)
,
S. Mertes
(5)
,
E. Metzner
(1)
,
D. Mewes
(1)
,
J. Michaelis
(4)
,
Guillaume Mioche
(13)
,
M. Moser
(20, 9)
,
K. Nakoudi
(4)
,
R. Neggers
(2)
,
R. Neuber
(4)
,
T. Nomokonova
(2)
,
J. Oelker
(11, 10)
,
I. Papakonstantinou-Presvelou
(1)
,
F. Pätzold
(8)
,
V. Pefanis
(11, 10)
,
C. Pohl
(3)
,
M. Van Pinxteren
(5)
,
A. Radovan
(2)
,
M. Rhein
(2)
,
M. Rex
(4)
,
A. Richter
(2)
,
N. Risse
(2)
,
C. Ritter
(4)
,
P. Rostosky
(3)
,
V. V. Rozanov
(2)
,
E. Ruiz Donoso
(1)
,
P. Saavedra Garfias
(1)
,
M. Salzmann
(1)
,
J. Schacht
(5)
,
M. Schäfer
(1)
,
J. Schneider
(21)
,
N. Schnierstein
(2)
,
P. Seifert
(5)
,
S. Seo
(2)
,
H. Siebert
(5)
,
M. A. Soppa
(4)
,
G. Spreen
(2)
,
I. S. Stachlewska
(22)
,
J. Stapf
(1)
,
F. Stratmann
(5)
,
I. Tegen
(5)
,
C. Viceto
(14)
,
C. Voigt
(20, 9)
,
M. Vountas
(2)
,
A. Walbröl
(2)
,
M. Walter
(2)
,
B. Wehner
(5)
,
H. Wex
(5)
,
S. Willmes
(23)
,
M. Zanatta
(4)
,
S. Zeppenfeld
(5)
1
LIM -
Leipziger Institut für Meteorologie
2 IGN - Institut für Geophysik und Meteorologie [Köln]
3 IUP - Institute of Environmental Physics [Bremen]
4 AWI - Alfred-Wegener-Institut, Helmholtz-Zentrum für Polar- und Meeresforschung = Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar and Marine Research = Institut Alfred-Wegener pour la recherche polaire et marine
5 TROPOS - Leibniz-Institut für Troposphärenforschung
6 GCESS - College of Global Change and Earth System Science
7 University of Colorado [Boulder]
8 Technische Universität Braunschweig = Technical University of Braunschweig [Braunschweig]
9 IPA - Institut für Physik der Atmosphäre [Mainz]
10 Alfred Wegener Institute [Potsdam]
11 IUP - Institut für Umweltphysik [Bremen]
12 IAP - A.M.Obukhov Institute of Atmospheric Physics
13 LaMP - Laboratoire de Météorologie Physique
14 CESAM - Centro de Estudos do Ambiente e do Mar
15 MPI-M - Max-Planck-Institut für Meteorologie
16 MARUM - Zentrum für Marine Umweltwissenschaften [Bremen]
17 GSFC - NASA Goddard Space Flight Center
18 FMI - Finnish Meteorological Institute
19 SIO - P.P. Shirshov Institute of Oceanology
20 DLR - Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt [Oberpfaffenhofen-Wessling]
21 Abteilung für Partikelchemie [Mainz]
22 University of Warsaw - Faculty of Physics, Institute of Theoretical Physics
23 Trier University
2 IGN - Institut für Geophysik und Meteorologie [Köln]
3 IUP - Institute of Environmental Physics [Bremen]
4 AWI - Alfred-Wegener-Institut, Helmholtz-Zentrum für Polar- und Meeresforschung = Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar and Marine Research = Institut Alfred-Wegener pour la recherche polaire et marine
5 TROPOS - Leibniz-Institut für Troposphärenforschung
6 GCESS - College of Global Change and Earth System Science
7 University of Colorado [Boulder]
8 Technische Universität Braunschweig = Technical University of Braunschweig [Braunschweig]
9 IPA - Institut für Physik der Atmosphäre [Mainz]
10 Alfred Wegener Institute [Potsdam]
11 IUP - Institut für Umweltphysik [Bremen]
12 IAP - A.M.Obukhov Institute of Atmospheric Physics
13 LaMP - Laboratoire de Météorologie Physique
14 CESAM - Centro de Estudos do Ambiente e do Mar
15 MPI-M - Max-Planck-Institut für Meteorologie
16 MARUM - Zentrum für Marine Umweltwissenschaften [Bremen]
17 GSFC - NASA Goddard Space Flight Center
18 FMI - Finnish Meteorological Institute
19 SIO - P.P. Shirshov Institute of Oceanology
20 DLR - Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt [Oberpfaffenhofen-Wessling]
21 Abteilung für Partikelchemie [Mainz]
22 University of Warsaw - Faculty of Physics, Institute of Theoretical Physics
23 Trier University
Régis Dupuy
- Fonction : Auteur
- PersonId : 20178
- IdHAL : regis-gil-dupuy
- ORCID : 0000-0001-5908-0699
- IdRef : 078005566
J. Hölemann
- Fonction : Auteur
Olivier Jourdan
- Fonction : Auteur
- PersonId : 21759
- IdHAL : olivier-jourdan
- ORCID : 0000-0003-0890-3784
- IdRef : 075516594
Guillaume Mioche
- Fonction : Auteur
- PersonId : 1331440
- ORCID : 0000-0002-1462-5277
Résumé
Mechanisms behind the phenomenon of Arctic amplification are widely discussed. To contribute to this debate, the (AC)3 project was established in 2016 (www.ac3-tr.de/). It comprises modeling and data analysis efforts as well as observational elements. The project has assembled a wealth of ground-based, airborne, shipborne, and satellite data of physical, chemical, and meteorological properties of the Arctic atmosphere, cryosphere, and upper ocean that are available for the Arctic climate research community. Short-term changes and indications of long-term trends in Arctic climate parameters have been detected using existing and new data. For example, a distinct atmospheric moistening, an increase of regional storm activities, an amplified winter warming in the Svalbard and North Pole regions, and a decrease of sea ice thickness in the Fram Strait and of snow depth on sea ice have been identified. A positive trend of tropospheric bromine monoxide (BrO) column densities during polar spring was verified. Local marine/biogenic sources for cloud condensation nuclei and ice nucleating particles were found. Atmospheric–ocean and radiative transfer models were advanced by applying new parameterizations of surface albedo, cloud droplet activation, convective plumes and related processes over leads, and turbulent transfer coefficients for stable surface layers. Four modes of the surface radiative energy budget were explored and reproduced by simulations. To advance the future synthesis of the results, cross-cutting activities are being developed aiming to answer key questions in four focus areas: lapse rate feedback, surface processes, Arctic mixed-phase clouds, and airmass transport and transformation.
Domaines
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