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Article Dans Une Revue Communications Earth & Environment Année : 2024

Giant offshore pumice deposit records a shallow submarine explosive eruption of ancestral Santorini

1 LMV - Laboratoire Magmas et Volcans
2 GEOMAR - Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research [Kiel]
3 International Ocean Discovery Program, Texas A&M University, College Station
4 Institute of Geophysics, University of Hamburg
5 Department of Geology and Geoenvironment, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens
6 School of Geography, Geology and the Environment, Keele University
7 Institut für Geo- und Umweltnaturwissenschaften, Mineralogie - Petrologie
8 School of Geology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
9 EPS - Department of Earth and Planetary Science [UC Berkeley]
10 Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, University of Tennessee, Knoxville
11 JAMSTEC - Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology
12 Institute for Geophysics, University of Texas, J.J. Pickle Research Campus
13 College of Earth Ocean and Atmospheric Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA.
14 IPG Paris - Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris
15 Faculty of International Resource Sciences, Akita University
16 School of Ocean Sciences, China University of Geosciences
17 School of Natural Sciences/CODES, University of Tasmania
18 Geology Department, Western Washington University, Bellingham
19 School of Geosciences, University of South Florida, Florida, Tampa, USA
20 Columbia University, Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory, Palisades
21 Graduate School of Science and Technology, Kobe University
22 LFCR - Laboratoire des Fluides Complexes et leurs Réservoirs
23 Department of Geology, Kent State University
24 Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, University of California Santa Cruz
25 Solid Earth Research Group, National Centre for Earth Science Studies, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala
26 Geophysical Institute, University of Alaska Fairbank
27 Key Laboratory of Submarine Geoscience and Prospecting Techniques, Ocean University of China
28 School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Plymouth, PL4 8AA Plymouth, United Kingdom
29 Institute of Marine Biology, Biotechnology and Aquaculture, Hellenic Centre for Marine Research, Heraklion
30 Department of Geology and Geophysics, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole
31 Institute of Earth Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
Tim Druitt

Résumé

Large explosive volcanic eruptions from island arcs pour pyroclastic currents into marine basins, impacting ecosystems and generating tsunamis that threaten coastal communities and infrastructures. Risk assessments require robust records of such highly hazardous events, which is challenging as most of the products lie buried under the sea. Here we report the discovery by IODP Expedition 398 of a giant rhyolitic pumice deposit emplaced 520 ± 10 ky ago at water depths of 200 to 1000 m during a high-intensity, shallow submarine eruption of ancestral Santorini Volcano. Pyroclastic currents discharged into the sea transformed into turbidity currents and slurries, forming a >89 ± 8 km 3 volcaniclastic megaturbidite up to 150 m thick in the surrounding marine basins, while breaching of the sea surface by the eruption column laid down veneers of ignimbrite on three islands. The eruption is one of the largest recorded on the South Aegean Volcanic Arc, and highlights the hazards from submarine explosive eruptions.
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Dates et versions

hal-04397778 , version 1 (16-01-2024)

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Tim Druitt, Steffen Kutterolf, Thomas A Ronge, Christian Hübscher, Paraskevi Nomikou, et al.. Giant offshore pumice deposit records a shallow submarine explosive eruption of ancestral Santorini. Communications Earth & Environment, 2024, 5, ⟨10.1038/s43247-023-01171-z⟩. ⟨hal-04397778⟩
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