%0 Journal Article %T What Triggers Caldera Ring‐Fault Subsidence at Ambrym Volcano? Insights From the 2015 Dike Intrusion and Eruption %+ Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris (IPGP (UMR_7154)) %+ Institut des Sciences de la Terre (ISTerre) %+ Laboratoire Magmas et Volcans (LMV) %+ Laboratoire d’Optique Atmosphérique - UMR 8518 (LOA) %+ Geospatial Information Authority of Japan, Ibaraki %A Shreve, Tara %A Grandin, R. %A Smittarello, D. %A Cayol, Valérie %A Pinel, V. %A Boichu, M. %A Morishita, Y. %< avec comité de lecture %@ 2169-9313 %J Journal of Geophysical Research : Solid Earth %I American Geophysical Union %V 126 %N 6 %8 2021-06 %D 2021 %R 10.1029/2020JB020277 %K rift zones %K ring-faults %K stress transfer %K basaltic volcanism %K calderas %Z Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/VolcanologyJournal articles %X Surface deformation accompanying dike intrusions is dominated by uplift and horizontal motion directly related to the intrusions. In some cases, it includes subsidence due to associated magma reservoir deflation. When reservoir deflation is large enough, it can form, or reactivate pre-existing, caldera ring-faults. Ring-fault reactivation, however, is rarely observed during moderate-sized eruptions. On February 21st, 2015 at Ambrym volcano in Vanuatu, a basaltic dike intrusion produced more than 1 meter of co-eruptive uplift, as measured by InSAR, SAR correlation, and Multiple Aperture Interferometry (MAI). Here we show that an average of ∼40 cm of slip occurred on a normal caldera ring-fault during this moderate-sized (VEI < 3) event, which intruded a volume of ∼24 million cubic meters and erupted ∼9.3 million cubic meters of lava (DRE). Using the 3D Mixed Boundary Element Method, we explore the stress change imposed by the opening dike and the depressurizing reservoir on a passive, frictionless fault. Normal fault slip is promoted when stress is transferred from a depressurizing reservoir beneath one of Ambrym’s main craters. After estimating magma compressibility, we provide an upper-bound on the critical fraction (f = 7%) of magma extracted from the reservoir to trigger fault slip. We infer that broad basaltic calderas may form in part by hundreds of subsidence episodes no greater than a few meters, as a result of magma extraction from the reservoir during moderate- sized dike intrusions. %G English %2 https://hal.uca.fr/hal-03353471/document %2 https://hal.uca.fr/hal-03353471/file/Shreve_etal_2021.pdf %L hal-03353471 %U https://hal.uca.fr/hal-03353471 %~ IRD %~ INSU %~ UNIV-SAVOIE %~ AFRIQ %~ UGA %~ PRES_CLERMONT %~ CNRS %~ IPGP %~ OSUG %~ LMV %~ ISTERRE %~ ACL-SF %~ OPGC %~ UNIV-LILLE %~ UNIV-PARIS %~ UNIVERSITE-PARIS %~ TEST-HALCNRS %~ UGA-EPE %~ ANR %~ TEST3-HALCNRS