Impact of maternal prenatal psychological stress on birth weight
Résumé
Objective: The study aimed to evaluate the impact of prenatal maternal stress on birth weight using a large cohort of predominantly Caucasian women living in an urban area. Method: Women were recruited between 2005 and 2010. Data collection took place between the 24th and the 28th week of gestation. The Measure of Psychological Stress (MSP-9), a validated tool to assess stress symptoms, was used to collect data on prenatal maternal stress (independent variable). Birth weight (dependent variable) was classified as low birth weight (LBW; 2,500 g), normal birth weight (NBW; 2,500-4,000 g), and macrosomia (>4,000 g). Adjusted odd ratios (aOR) were obtained after performing multivariate logistic regressions adjusted for potential cofounders. At the final stage, 5,721 women were included in analysis. Results: When compared with women experiencing low stress, participants with high-stress scores were at increased risk of delivering an infant with LBW before adjustment [OR = 2.06, 95% CI (1.04-4.09)], but, after adjustment, only a nonsignificant trend remained. However, women experiencing intermediate and high levels of stress were at increased risk of delivering a baby with macrosomia, even after adjustment [aOR = 1.23 ; 95% CI (1.02-1.49)] and [aOR = 1.76 ; 95% CI (1.11-2.77)] compared to those who scored low on the psychological stress scale. Conclusion: Women exposed to high self-reported psychological stress during second trimester (24 th to 28 th weeks) of pregnancy have a 1.7-fold increased risk for delivering a baby with macrosomia when compared to women exposed to low psychological stress.
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