Uptake of gaseous thallium, tellurium, vanadium and molybdenum into anhydrous alum, Lascar volcano fumaroles, Chile - Université Clermont Auvergne Accéder directement au contenu
Article Dans Une Revue Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta Année : 2020

Uptake of gaseous thallium, tellurium, vanadium and molybdenum into anhydrous alum, Lascar volcano fumaroles, Chile

Résumé

Formation of secondary sulfate minerals during the reaction between volcanic gases and rocks modulates the compositionand flux of gaseous emanations. We report on the sub-surface formation of anhydrous alum (MIMIII(XVIO4)2with MI=-NH4+,Na+,K+;MIII=Al3+,Fe3+and XVI=S6+,Mo6+) in the 330°C fumaroles of the Lascar volcano (Chile). The alumoccurs as a few millimetres thick crust that grew internally by two-way diffusion of reaction gases and diffusive influx of rockcations within the crust. The average growth rate is estimated at ca. 0.3lm/day, based on the 19-year-long activity of thedegassing fracture hosting the crust. The growth rate is controlled by the slow migration of the rock cations and decreasestowards crust rim. The crust selectively concentrates Tl, V and Te (thousands oflg/g) and to a lesser extent Mo (hundredsoflg/g). The uptake of gaseous Tl, V and Mo is due to the possibility for these elements to enter the MI,MIIIand XVIsites ofalum, respectively. The process of Te uptake must be related to the incorporation of Tl and V with which Te tightly correlates.Extensive substitution of Tl, V and Te occurs at the surface of the crust where the supply of rock cations is the lowest. Suchsurface enrichment does not occur for Mo, because Mo substitutes for S, another element from the gas. These findings suggestthat the surface of mature alum crust has a high adsorption capacity for those gaseous metals able to compensate for the lackof rock-derived cations. Based on the composition of gases escaping from the fracture hosting the crust, it is estimated that thepartition coefficients of Tl (3.3107), V (1.1107) and Te (0.6107) between crust surface and gases are two to four ordersof magnitude higher than for other volatile metals and metalloids. It follows that gases equilibrating with anhydrous alumslose between 77 and 95% of their initial Tl content, but less than 1% of Pb. Given the Tl emission rate of Lascar volcano(5 g/day), between 17 and 104 g of toxic Tl would deposit every day if all Lascar gases were to equilibrate with anhydrousalums. This study suggests that anhydrous alums significantly immobilize Tl, V and Te in the ground of quiescent volcanoes,reducing the atmospheric emissions of these three elements.Ó2020 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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Dates et versions

hal-02519720 , version 1 (10-11-2020)

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N. Sainlot, I. Vlastélic, Séverine Moune, E.F. Rose-Koga, Federica Schiavi, et al.. Uptake of gaseous thallium, tellurium, vanadium and molybdenum into anhydrous alum, Lascar volcano fumaroles, Chile. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 2020, 275, pp.64-82. ⟨10.1016/j.gca.2020.02.009⟩. ⟨hal-02519720⟩
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